Pembuatan Aspal Modifikasi Polimer Berbasis Karet Alam Tanpa dan Dengan Mastikasi
Abstract
Penggunaan aspal termodifikasi karet alam diyakini dapat menghasilkan jalan aspal yang lebih tahan terhadap beban lalu lintas tinggi dan perubahan iklim yang ekstrim. Karet alam yang digunakan dapat berupa lateks, karet padat maupun karet bekas pakai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan crumb rubber tipe Standard Indonesian Rubber (SIR) 20 terhadap karakteristik produk aspal-karet yang dihasilkannya. Perlakuan tersebut meliputi crumb rubber orisinil (CR), crumb rubber dengan mastikasi (CRM) dan crumb rubber mastikasi dengan penambahan aspal sebagai pelunak (CRMA). Proses mastikasi karet dengan penambahan aspal 1% sebagai pelunak (CRMA) dan tanpa pelunak (CRM) dilakukan dengan menggunakan Open Mill pada suhu kamar. Sebelum dicampur dengan aspal, karet terlebih dahulu dilelehkan pada suhu 200oC. Pencampuran crumb rubber tersebut dengan aspal dilakukan pada suhu 170 oC, dimana kadar CR divariasikan pada kadar 5%, 8%, dan 10% w/w. Perlakuan yang sama juga dilakukan terhadap CRM dan CRMA, namun dengan kadar hanya 10% w/w. Pengujian sampel aspal-karet meliputi: Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), penetrasi, titik lembek, kehilangan berat dan stabilitas marshall. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik terbaik dari produk aspal-karet tersebut diperoleh untuk campuran dengan menggunakan CRM. Karakteristik produk aspal-karet berbasis CRM tersebut meliputi penetrasi 58,5 dmm , titik lembek 59,1 oC, kehilangan berat 0% dan stabilitas marshall 1710 kg.
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