Formulasi paduan karet alam/kloroprena dalam rancangan material komposit karet untuk bantalan isolator tahan gempa

Adi Cifriadi; Santi Puspitasari; Asron Ferdian Falaah; Usman Wijaya

doi:10.20543/mkkp.v37i2.6944

Formulasi paduan karet alam/kloroprena dalam rancangan material komposit karet untuk bantalan isolator tahan gempa

Adi Cifriadi, Santi Puspitasari, Asron Ferdian Falaah, Usman Wijaya

Abstract

Penggunaan sistem isolasi dasar pada suatu konstruksi bangunan dapat memitigasi kerusakan pada saat terjadinya gempa bumi. Sistem isolasi dasar yang paling umum digunakan adalah karet tahan gempa yang tersusun oleh lapisan komposit karet dan pelat logam secara berselang seling. Komposit karet dapat dibuat dari karet alam (NR), karet sintetik (kloroprena), dan paduannya (CR/NR). Riset eksperimental ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari rasio CR/NR pada paduan komposit karet tahan gempa melalui proses desain formulasi kompon karet. Formula kompon karet dirancang dengan memvariasikan rasio CR/NR sebesar 95/5 phr, 90/10 phr, 85/15 phr, dan 80/20 phr. Sistem vulkanisasi dirancang dengan menerapkan kombinasi sistem vulkanisasi sulfur efsien dan oksida logam. Hasil analisis karakteristik vulkanisasi dan pengujian sifat mekanik serta termal komposit paduan karet CR/NR menunjukkan bahwa komposit paduan karet CR/NR sebesar 90/10 phr merupakan komposisi paduan karet yang terbaik. Paduan karet tersebut berpotensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi produk karet tahan gempa jenis HDRB (modulus geser 1,1-1,5 MPa) karena dapat menghasilkan kompon yang mudah diproses (ML 1,17 kg-cm), derajat ikatan silang yang tinggi (MH-ML 12,58 kg-cm) dan diikuti dengan sifat mekanik dan termal yang unggul dibuktikan dengan perubahan nilai kuat tarik (2,4%) dan perpanjangan putus (-2,4%) setelah pengusangan yang terrendah dibandingkan dengan komposisi CR/NR yang lain.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20543/mkkp.v37i2.6944