Pengaruh sistem vulkanisasi konvensional (CV) dan semi efisien (SEV) terhadap sifat aging dan termal vulkanisat campuran karet alam dan karet butil

Arum Yuniari; Muhammad Sholeh; Ihda Novia Indrajati

doi:10.20543/mkkp.v31i2.173

Pengaruh sistem vulkanisasi konvensional (CV) dan semi efisien (SEV) terhadap sifat aging dan termal vulkanisat campuran karet alam dan karet butil

Arum Yuniari, Muhammad Sholeh, Ihda Novia Indrajati

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to study the effect of CV and SEV curing systems on aging and thermal properties of natural rubber and butyl rubber blends. The mixing of rubber and rubber chemicals using two roll-mills and the vulcanization process was carried out by the hydraulic press at 160° C and 150 kg/cm2. The research design used two variations; first, the CV curing system (accelerator/sulfur) (1.0/2.5) phr and SEV curing system (accelerator/sulfur) (2.1/1.5) phr, second, the ratio of natural rubber/butyl: 100/0; 95/5; 90/10; 85/15; 80/20; 75/25; 70/30; 65/35; 60/40 and 55/45 phr. The parameter observed were tensile strength, elongation at break, hardness before and after aging and thermal properties, e.g.TG/DTA and DSC. The results showed that CV curing systems provided tensile, elongation at break properties gave higher quality and better aging properties. TG/DTA analysis of vulcanizates processed with CV curing systems provided slightly better thermal stability than of the SEV curing system.

Keywords: natural rubber, butyl rubber, curing, CV, SEV, aging, thermal.

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh sistem vulkanisasi CV dan SEV terhadap sifat aging dan termal campuran karet alam dan karet butil. Pencampuran karet dan bahan kimia karet dilakukan mengunakan mesin two roll mil dan proses vulkanisasi dilakukan dengan mesin hydraulic press pada suhu 160ºC dan tekanan 150 kg/cm2. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan 2 variasi. Variasi pertama sistem vulkanisasi CV (akselerator/sulfur) (1,0/2,5) phr dan sistem vulkanisasi SEV (akselerator/sulfur) (2,1/1,5) phr. Variasi kedua adalah perbandingan karet alam/butil: 100/0; 95/5; 90/10; 85/15; 80/20; 75/25; 70/30; 65/35; 60/40 dan 55/45 phr. Pengujian yang diamati adalah tegangan putus, perpanjangan putus, kekerasan sebelum dan sesudah aging serta sifat termal: DTA/TGA dan DSC. Hasil uji menunjukkan vulkanisat yang diproses dengan sistem vulkanisasi CV mempunyai sifat tegangan putus, perpanjangan putus lebih tinggi dan sifat aging lebih baik. Analisa DTA/TGA vulkanisat yang diproses dengan sistem vulkanisasi CV memberikan stabilitas termal sedikit lebih baik dari pada sistem vulkanisasi SEV.

Kata kunci: karet alam, karet butil, vulkanisasi, CV, SEV, aging, termal.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20543/mkkp.v31i2.173