Komposit Bata Beton Ringan Dari Fly Ash dan Bottom Ash Limbah Batubara Pabrik Minyak Nabati

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Penelitian pembuatan komposit bata beton ringan dari fly ash dan  bottom ash hasil pembakaran batubara di unit boiler pabrik minyak nabati sebagai pengganti agregat pasir, dengan bahan perekat semen Portland telah dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mendapat komposit bata beton ringan. Bahan limbah batubara ( fly ash dan bottom ash ) diambil dari boiler industri minyak nabati di kota Bitung. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan membuat prototype benda uji ukuran (100 x 100 x 100) mm dari fly ash dan b ottom ash sebagai variabel bebas dan agregat pasir, semen serta larutan foam agent sebagai variabel konstan. Prototype benda uji di cetak sebanyak 12 buah tiap perlakuan, dilakukan pemeliharaan (curing) selama 28 hari kemudian dilakukan pengamatan dan uji fisik berdasarkan standar yang ada. Hasil pengujian diperoleh komposit yang terbaik A-5 (5 L fly ash tanpa bottom ash ) dan A-7 (2,5 L fly ash dan 2,5 L bottom ash ) dengan nilai kuat tekan rata-rata (19,06 dan 19,15 kg/cm²) dan bobot isi (1160,19 kg/m³ dan 1242,65 kg/m³) serta penyerapan air (21,96 % dan 14,96 %). Nilai kuat tekan dan penyerapan air memenuhi persyaratan bata ringan untuk untuk konstruksi pasangan dinding bangunan rumah.

Kata kunci: bata, batubara, beton-ringan, limbah

                                                                          ABSTRACT

Research on the manufacture of lightweight concrete brick composites from fly ash and bottom ash coal waste vegetable oil company to replace sand agregate with Portland cement adhesive has been done with the aim to obtain lightweight concrete brick composites which use fly ash and b ottom ash from coal waste. Research begins with the taking of coal waste materials (fly ash and bottom ash) in the vegetable oil industry in Bitung city, then proceed with the preparation of other auxiliary materials and required equipment. The reward was carried out by making prototype (100 x 100 x 100) mm of the test object and the treatments were fly ash and bottom ash while the use of sand aggregate, cement and foam agent solution was constant. Prototype test object printed as much as 12 pieces each tre atment, carried out maintenance for 28 days then conducted observations and physical tests based on existing standards. From test result of prototype of test object, it turns out that some of the best composite treatment A - 5 (5 L fly ash and no bottom ash) and A - 7 (2,5 L fly ash and 2,5 L bottom ash) was obtained with a compressive strength value of (19,06 and 19,15) Kg/cm2 and weight of content (1160,19 Kg/m3 and 1242,65 Kg/m3) respectively with water absorption values (21,96% and 14,96%). Strength and abs orption values fulfill requirement of lightweight concrete for house building wall