Pemanfaatan Azadirachtin dari Mimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) untuk Sediaan Anti Semut

Abstract

Nowadays, the use of natural plant source insecticides is one of the best choice  due to its characteristic, which is safer and easily degradable by nature (biodegradable) compared to synthetic materials. One of plant sources which consists of active components for insecticides is neem plant. The extraction of seed (a1) and leaf of neem (a2) produce neem’s active compound was conducted  by using Effective Microorganism.  The efficacy test of the neem seed and leaf was conducted by using extract concentrated of  3% (b1) and 6% (b2) and observed with interval of 2 to 6 days. The extraction products were evaporated with rotary vacuum evaporator. The extracs obtained were tested their solubility. The higest Azadirachtin were obtained on combination of a1b2 (neem”seeds, EM4, 6%)for 6 days fermentation period which acquired 1313,23 ppm of azadirachtin and combination of a2b2 (neem’ leaves, EM4 6%)which acquired 665,69 of azadirachtin.  The active compounds were tested their ability as insecticide at 50 ppm of azadirachtin concentration 

ABSTRAK 

Saat ini, penggunaan anti serangga nabati yang berasal dari tanaman sudah menjadi salah satu pilihan terbaik, karena relatif lebih aman, mudah terurai di alam dibandingkan dengan bahan sintetik. Salah satu jenis tanaman yang mengandung bahan aktif dan bermanfaat untuk anti semut adalah tanaman mimba Ekstraksi biji mimba (a1) dan daun mimba (a2) untuk menghasilkan bahan aktif mimba menggunakan Effective Mikroorganism (EM4) dengan menggunakan konsentrasi 3% (b1) dan 6% (b2), dengan pengamatan selama 2, 4 dan  6 hari. Dari hasil uji kelarutan ekstrak a1b2 (biji mimba, kadar EM4, 6%) diperoleh azadirachtin tertinggi yaitu sebesar 1313,23 ppm dengan lama fermentasi selama 6 hari, sedangkan dengan perlakuan a2b2 (daun mimba, kadar EM4, 6%) adalah sebesar 665,69 ppm. Hasil uji manfaat ekstrak mimba untuk mengendalikan semut dengan menggunakan kadar azadirachtin sebesar 50 ppm.

 Kata kunci : azadirachtin, efektif microorganism, ekstraksi, mimba, semut,