Produksi Kitosan Berbasis Limbah Udang Delta Mahakam : Tinjauan Proses Deasetilasi

Abstract

Frozen shrimp activities of many companies in the Mahakam Delta region leaving the potential of shrimp waste that has not been maximally utilized. Application of appropriate technology capable to transforming shrimp waste into products of high economic value such as chitosan. Chitosan is produced through a sequence of processes, namely the extraction of chitin and deacetylation. In this research was review to deacetylation process as the function of temperature and concentration of alkali by measuring the degree of deacetylation. This research was used design of experiment of completely randomized design (CRD)-single factor. Chitin powder introduced into a reactor together with concentrated solution of alkali (50-80% ^w/_w) on 1:20 ratio. The mixture was heated (80-120^oC) with stirring. After that, the mixture was filtered and the solids neutralized and dried it. Degree of deacetylation of chitosan was analyzed using FTIR. The results showed that the optimum conditions of deacetylation process is achieved at a temperature of 100°C, alkali 70% (^w/_v) and a ratio 1:20 (^w/_v) with the degree of deacetylation 80.59%. Chitosan analysis with the parameters of ash content, moisture, and viscosity were found to be 0.01%, 6.99% and 3.6 cP, respectively. The chitosan product is suitable for industrial applications.