Komposisi kimia fraksi minyak nilam dan minyak serai wangi serta aktifitas antioksidannya

Dwinna Rahmi; Bumiarto Nugroho Jati; Yemirta Yemirta; Ira Setiawati; Retno Yunilawati; Arief Riyanto; Irwinanita Irwinanita

doi:10.24960/jli.v12i2.7758.129-135

Komposisi kimia fraksi minyak nilam dan minyak serai wangi serta aktifitas antioksidannya

Dwinna Rahmi, Bumiarto Nugroho Jati, Yemirta Yemirta, Ira Setiawati, Retno Yunilawati, Arief Riyanto, Irwinanita Irwinanita

Abstract

Minyak nilam dan serai wangi merupakan minyak atsiri utama Indonesia dan penyumbang tertinggi minyak atsiri dunia. Minyak atsiri terdiri dari komponen kimia, yaitu komponen ringan, sedang, dan berat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan fraksi dan menentukan komposisi kimia serta aktivitas antioksidannya. Alat destilasi spinning band destillation digunakan untuk fraksinasi minyak mentah pada suhu dan tekanan tertentu. Komposisi kimia ditentukan menggunakan GC-MS dan antioksidan ditentukan dengan metode DPPH. Kromatogram GC-MS mendeteksi 20 komponen dalam fraksi minyak nilam dan 35 komponen dalam fraksi minyak serai wangi. Komponen utama fraksi-1 pada minyak nilam adalah α dan β pinene, fraksi-2 adalah β-patchoulene dan α-quaiene, fraksi 3 adalah α dan δ quaiene, fraksi 4 dan 5 adalah patchouli alcohol. Komponen utama fraksi-1 minyak serai wangi adalah limonene dan citronellal, fraksi-2 dan 3 adalah citronellal, dan geraniol dalam fraksi-4 dan 5. Aktivitas antioksidan fraksi minyak nilam tidak berbeda nyata, sedangkan aktivitas antioksidan fraksi-5 minyak serai wangi signifikan lebih tinggi dibandingkan fraksi lainnya. Komponen geraniol dan cardinene dengan gugus phenolnya berkontribusi terhadap aktivitas antioksidan.

Keywords

aktifitas antioksidan; minyak nilam; minyak serai wangi

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24960/jli.v12i2.7758.129-135