Sintesis dan karakterisasi biosorben berbasis tannin gambir (Uncaria gambier Roxb.) dan aplikasinya pada penyerapan ion logam Pb (II)

Muhammad Fajri Nurmawan; Citra Setiawati; Nur Aini Haryati

doi:10.24960/jli.v10i2.6541.103-110

Sintesis dan karakterisasi biosorben berbasis tannin gambir (Uncaria gambier Roxb.) dan aplikasinya pada penyerapan ion logam Pb (II)

Muhammad Fajri Nurmawan, Citra Setiawati, Nur Aini Haryati

Abstract

Ekstrak tanin gambir (Uncaria gambier Roxb.) memiliki potensi sebagai bahan baku pembuatan biosorben yang dapat diaplikasikan untuk adsorpsi ion logam Pb²⁺. Gel tanin gambir (Gambier Tannin Gel, GTG) telah disintesis melalui reaksi polimerisasi dengan penambahan formaldehida dalam suasana basa NaOH selama 8 jam pada suhu 80 °C. Karakterisasi spektrum inframerah dengan FT-IR Spectrophotometer menunjukkan adanya jembatan metilen (–CH₂–) dan jembatan metilen eter (C–O–C) ditandai dengan pita serapan pada bilangan gelombang masing-masing 2910 cm^-1 dan 1040 cm^-1. Hasil pembacaan pola difraksi sinar X dengan X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) menunjukkan bahwa GTG yang dihasilkan memiliki tingkat kristalinitas yang rendah dengan ukuran kristal sebesar 1,07–2,82 Å. Penentuan kapasitas adsorpsi menggunakan pola isoterm Freundlich dan Langmuir dengan variasi konsentrasi Pb²⁺ sebesar 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, dan 30 ppm. Banyaknya ion logam yang terserap diukur dengan Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Dari hasil penelitian, diketahui bahwa proses adsorpsi ion logam Pb²⁺ oleh GTG mengikuti persamaan isoterm adsorpsi Freundlich dengan kapasitas adsorpsi maksimum sebesar 0,4917 mg/g.

Keywords

Tannin; Biosorben; Uncaria gambier Roxb.; Timbal; Kapasitas adsorpsi

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24960/jli.v10i2.6541.103-110