Isolasi dan identifikasi spesies mikroalga air tawar sebagai antioksidan dan antihiperglikemik

Anggela Marta Tasman; Abdi Dharma; Syafrizayanti Syafrizayanti

doi:10.24960/jli.v10i1.5956.61-71

Isolasi dan identifikasi spesies mikroalga air tawar sebagai antioksidan dan antihiperglikemik

Anggela Marta Tasman, Abdi Dharma, Syafrizayanti Syafrizayanti

Abstract

Mikroalga memiliki kinerja yang hampir sama dengan tumbuhan bersel banyak, akan tetapi tidak memiliki akar, daun, dan batang untuk berfotosintesis. Mikroalga diibaratkan sebagai pabrik kecil dalam ukuran sel mikro yang mengubah karbondioksida menjadi material potensial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi mikroalga, mengidentifikasi spesiesnya secara morfologi dan molekuler, selanjutnya menentukan kandungan total fenolik, bioaktivitas antioksidan dan antihiperglikemik dari ekstrak mikroalga tersebut. Uji antioksidan dilakukan dengan metode DPPH dan uji antihiperglikemik dengan metode inhibitor enzim α-amilase. Mikroalga yang berhasil diisolasi termasuk dalam jenis Chlorella vulgaris. Ekstrak metanol dari biomassa kering mikroalga memberikan kandungan fenolik total paling tinggi yaitu sebesar 10,8 mg GAE/g jika dibandingkan ekstrak air (1,8 mg GAE/g) dan heksana (1,1 mg GAE/g). Nilai IC₅₀ ekstrak metanol dalam menangkap radikal bebas DPPH adalah 75,9 µg/mL dan mampu menginhibisi 50% aktivitas enzim α-amilase pada konsentrasi 839,9 µg/mL. Berdasarkan hasil uji bioaktivitas ekstrak metanol mikroalga Chlorella vulgaris yang diisolasi dari perairan Sungai Kincir Kamba Tigo memiliki kemampuan yang rendah sebagai antioksidan dan antihiperglikemik.

Keywords

mikroalga; fenolik; antioksidan; antihiperglikemik

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24960/jli.v10i1.5956.61-71