Pengaruh penyalut maltodekstrin terhadap produk mikrokapsul minyak jahe dengan teknik spray drying

Fitriana Djafar; Muhammad Dani Supardan

doi:10.24960/jli.v9i1.4664.1-7

Pengaruh penyalut maltodekstrin terhadap produk mikrokapsul minyak jahe dengan teknik spray drying

Fitriana Djafar, Muhammad Dani Supardan

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat mikrokapsul minyak jahe dengan menggunakan teknik spray drying. Bahan penyalut yang digunakan adalah maltodekstrin. Variabel penelitian yang dipelajari adalah konsentrasi maltodekstrin yaitu 10, 20 dan 30 (%-b/v) dan rasio minyak jahe terhadap maltodekstrin yaitu 1:8, 1:10, 1:12 dan 1:14 (b/v). Variabel penelitian dengan rendemen tertinggi akan digunakan untuk mempelajari pengaruh variasi suhu inlet proses spray drying (160, 170, 180 dan 190^oC). Hasil analisis gas kromatografi-spektrofotometri massa menunjukkan bahwa ada lima komponen terbesar yang terdapat dalam minyak jahe yaitu benzene (28,62%), zingiberene (19,46%), β-bisabolene (13,48%), cyclohexane (12,59%) dan farnesene (5,83%). Rendemen produk mikrokapsul minyak jahe tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan konsentrasi maltodekstrin 30% dan rasio minyak jahe terhadap maltodekstrin 1:14 yaitu sebesar 37 gram. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan suhu inlet spray drying memberikan pengaruh terhadap kadar air, kadar minyak total, kadar minyak di permukaan dan kadar minyak terperangkap mikrokapsul minyak jahe. Hasil analisis Scanning Electron Microscopy menunjukkan mikrostruktur produk mikrokapsul minyak atsiri jahe yang dihasilkan memiliki bentuk yang bervariasi.

ABSTRACT

This study aims to make ginger oil microcapsules using spray drying technique. Maltodextrine was used as a coating material. The process variables studied were maltodextrin concentration 10, 20 and 30 (%-w/v) and ratio of ginger oil to maltodextrin 1:8, 1:10, 1:12 and 1:14 (w/v). The best process variable with the highest product yield will be used to investigate the effect of inlet temperature variations of spray drying process (160, 170, 180 and 190^oC). The results of gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis showed that the five largest components contained in ginger oil were benzene (28.62%), zingiberene (19.46%), β-bisabolene (13.48%), cyclohexane (12.59%) and farnesene (5.83%). The highest yield of ginger essential oil microcapsule products was obtained 37 grams at maltodextrin concentration 30% and ratio of ginger oil to maltodextrin 1:14. The experimental results showed that the inlet temperature of spray drying affected the moisture content, total oil content, surface oil content, and trapped oil content of the ginger oil microcapsules products. Meanwhile, Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis results showed that the microstructure of ginger essential oil products from several research treatments generally have various shape.

Keywords

maltodekstrin; mikroenkapsulasi; minyak jahe; spray drying

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24960/jli.v9i1.4664.1-7