Penggunaan faktis minyak biji jarak epoksi (Castor Jatrpha Oil) untuk pembuatan kompon rubber washer

Abstract

Epoxidation is a chemical reaction where oxygen atoms are reacted with unsaturated molecules to form cyclic ether. The advantages of this process are enhancing the rubber apliance process, degradable in nature, and found in renewable resources form. The objective of this research is to obtain the proper formulation in rubber compound processing with the addition of castor oil epoxy. The exprimental design used in this study was Completely Randomized Design with two factors and two replications. The first factor was addition of softener concentrations (P) consisting of P1 = 3 phr epoxy castor oil, P2 = 6 phr epoxy castor oil and P3 = 9 phr epoxy castor oil. The second factor was antioxidant
concentrations (A) consisting of A1 = 1 phr antioxidant (phenolate), A2 = 2 phr antioxidant (phenolate) and A3 = 3 phr antioxidant (phenolate). The tested parameters by using rheometer were consisted of tensile strength, modulus and specific gravity. The results showed that addition of expoxy castor oil and antioxidant as well as their interaction had significant effect on tensile strength and modulus. The addition of epoxy castor oil had no significant effect on specific gravity. The best treatment was found in P1A3 (3 phr castor oil
softener and 3 phr antioxidant). The testing results were as follows : rheometer (tC90.mnt) of 3.15 minutes, tensile strength of 166 kg/cm2, modulus of 13.8 kg/cm and specific gravity of 1.11 g/ml.

Keywords : Epoxy castor oil, rubber compound, rubber washer

Abstrak

Epoksidasi merupakan suatu reaksi kimia dimana atom oksigen direaksikan dengan molekul tak jenuh membentuk siklis eter. Proses ini mempunyai kelebihan mempermudah proses pelenturan karet, bersifat degradable, sumber dayanya dapat diperbaharui. Tujuan Penelitian mendapatkan formulasi yang baik dalam pembuatan kompon karet dengan penambahan epoksi minyak jarak. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 2 (dua) faktor dan 2 (dua) kali ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi penambahan bahan pelunak (P), yaitu : P1 = minyak biji jarak epoksi 3 phr, P2 = minyak biji jarakt epoksi 6 phr dan P3 = minyak biji jarak epoksi 9 phr, Faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi penambahan antioksidan (A), yaitu : A1 = Anti Oksidan (Fenolat) 1 phr, A2 = Anti Oksidan (Fenolat) 2 phr dan A3 = Anti Oksidan (Fenolat) 3 phr .Parameter yang diuji rheometer, kekuatan tarik, modulus, dan massa jenis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, penambahan konsentrasi minyak jarak epoksi dan antioksidan, serta interaksi keduanya berpengaruh nyata terhadap kekuatan tarik dan modulus. Penambahan minyak jarak epoksi berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap massa jenis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan terbaik didapat pada perlakuan P1A3
(pelunak minyak jarak 3 phr dan antioksidan 3 phr). Didapat hasil uji, rheometer (tC90, mnt) : 3,15 mnt, kekuatan Tarik 166 kg/cm2, modulus 13,8 kg/cm dan massa jenis 1,11 g/ml.

Kata Kunci: Minyak jarak epoksi, kompon karet dan rubber washer.