Studi kualitas minyak goreng dari kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.) melalui proses sterilisasi dan pengepresan
Abstract
The objective of this research is to study the cooking oil quality from raw material of grated coconut flesh . The grated coconut flesh is dried within oven at 35 °C to 50 °C temperature until its water content reached 5%. Grated coconut flesh with maximum water content of 5% was weighted with magnitude of 1000 g for each treatments. It was subsequently wrapped by using cloth for sterilization processs at 10 psi, 12.5 psi and 15 psi pressures as well as 30, 40, 50 and 60 minutes of sterilization times. The sterilization output was pressed at 15 psi for 60 minutes. The produced oil was then cetrifuged at 3000 rpm for 20 minutes. The observed parameters for this oil product were yield, water content, specific gravity and free fatty acid. The best treatment was found in sterilization that use 15 psi and 60 minutes having yield of 17.260%, specific gravity of 0,9045 g/cm3, water content of 0.252% and free fatty acid of 0.243%, respectively.
Keywords: Coconut, cooking oil, sterilization, yield, free fatty acid
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari kualitas minyak goreng dengan bahan baku kelapa yang sudah diparut. Kelapa parut dikeringkan di dalam oven pada temperatur 35 °C dan 50 °C sampai kadar air 5%. Kelapa parut dengan kadar air maksimum 5% ditimbang untuk masing-masing perlakuan 1000 g. Kelapa parut yang sudah ditimbang dibungkus dengan kain untuk disterilisasi pada tekanan 10; 12,5 dan 15 psi dengan waktu sterilisasi 30; 40; 50 dan 60 menit. Hasil sterilisasi dipres pada tekanan 15 psi selama 60 menit. Minyak yang dihasilkan disentrifugasi pada kecepatan 3000 rpm selama 20 menit. Minyak hasil sentrifugasi diuji yield, kadar air, berat jenis dan asam lemak bebas. Perlakuan terbaik dari proses sterilisasi yaitu pada tekanan 15 psi dengan waktu sterilisasi 60 menit menghasilkan yield 17,260%, berat jenis 0,9045 g/cm3, kadar air 0,252%, dan asam lemak bebas 0,243%.
Kata Kunci: Kelapa, minyak goreng, sterilisasi, yield, asam lemak bebas
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PDFDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.28959/jdpi.v22i1.534
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