PENGARUH MUTAGEN ULTRAVIOLET DAN ETIL METAN SULFONAT TERHADAP KADAR PENISILIN G PADA Penicillium chrysogenum

eris septiana; Martha Sari; Siti Irma Rahmawati; Fauzia Nurul Izzati; Rikno Harmoko; Apon Zaenal Mustopa

doi:10.36974/jbi.v12i1.6544

PENGARUH MUTAGEN ULTRAVIOLET DAN ETIL METAN SULFONAT TERHADAP KADAR PENISILIN G PADA Penicillium chrysogenum

eris septiana, Martha Sari, Siti Irma Rahmawati, Fauzia Nurul Izzati, Rikno Harmoko, Apon Zaenal Mustopa

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Penicillium chrysogenum is one of the fungi which known to produce penicillin G antibiotics. The current superior strain P. chrysogenum producing high penicillin G has gone through various stages from the wild type isolates. The wild type isolates of P. chrysogenum from Indonesia also have great potential to be developed. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the changes of penicillin G levels from mutated P. chrysogenum isolate with both ultraviolet (UV) radiation and chemical mutagens ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) compared to the wild type isolates. Random mutation through UV radiation, EMS chemical mutagen and their combination was carried out on wild type isolates of P. chrysogenum. Antibacterial activity was tested against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. The level of penicillin G produced was detected using HPLC with the Penicillin G as the standard. The results showed that the treatment of UV, EMS mutations and their combination can increase the antibacterial activity as well as levels of penicillin G than the wild type. Mutant C5-4.10 isolate resulted from the combination UV and EMS had the best antibacterial activity and produced penicillin G. level 2.9 times compared to the wild type.

Keywords: antibiotic, HPLC, mutation, Penicillium chrysogenum, penicillin G

ABSTRAK

Penicillium chrysogenum adalah salah satu kapang yang diketahui memproduksi antibiotik penisilin G. Strain P. chrysogenum unggul penghasil penisilin G tinggi yang saat ini tersedia merupakan galur yang telah melalui berbagai tahapan pemuliaan dari wild type-nya. Isolat P. chrysogenum asal Indonesia juga memiliki potensi besar untuk dikembangkan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan kadar penisilin G dari isolat P. chrysogenum yang telah dimutasikan menggunakan radiasi sinar ultraviolet (UV) dan mutagen kimiawi etil metan sulfonat (EMS) dibandingkan dengan wild type nya. Mutasi acak menggunakan radiasi sinar UV, mutagen kimiawi EMS dan kombinasi keduanya dilakukan pada isolat P. chrysogenum. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan terhadap Escherichia coli dan Bacillus subtilis. Kadar penisilin G yang diproduksi dideteksi menggunakan HPLC dan dibandingkan dengan standar Penicillin G. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mutasi menggunakan sinar UV, EMS dan kombinasi keduanya dapat meningkatkan aktivitas antibakteri serta kadar penisilin G dibandingkan dengan wild type nya. Isolat mutan C5-4.10 hasil mutasi kombinasi sinar UV dan EMS memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terbaik dan kadar penisilin G sebesar 2,9 kali lipat dibandingkan dengan wild type nya.

Kata kunci: antibiotik, HPLC, mutasi, Penicillium chrysogenum, penisilin G

Keywords

antibiotic; HPLC; mutation; Penicillium chrysogenum; penicillin G

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.36974/jbi.v12i1.6544